Molecular Detection

Molecular detection of vancomycin resistant genes vanA, vanB, vanC, vanD, vanE, vanL, and vanG in vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE).

Pure culture.

N/A

Send cultures as growth on culture medium or in transport medium.

Shipping of specimens shall be done by a TDG certified individual in accordance with TDG regulations. For additional information regarding classification of specimens for the purposes of shipping, consult either Part 2 Appendix 3 of the TDG Regulations or section 3.6.2 of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations as applicable.

Patient should have symptoms consistent with infection with VRE which can include urinary tract infection (UTI), bacteremia, bacterial endocarditis, or meningitis.

Completed Antimicrobial Resistance and Nosocomial Infections Requisition.

N/A

Results are compared to known controls.

5 calendar days.

1. Boyd, D.A., B.M. Willey, D. Fawcett, N. Gillani, and M.R. Mulvey. Molecular Characterization of Enterococcus faecalis N06-0364 with Low-Level Vancomycin Resistance Harboring a Novel D-Ala-D-Ser Gene Cluster, vanL. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2008. 52:2667-72.
2. Boyd, D.A., T. Du, R. Hizon, B. Kaplen, T. Murphy, S. Tyler, S. Brown, F. Jamieson, K. Weiss, M.R. Mulvey, and the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program. 2006. VanG-type vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolated in Canada. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 50:2217-2221.
3. Boyd, D.A., M.A. Miller, and M.R. Mulvey. 2006. E. gallinarum N04-0414 harbors a VanD-type vancomycin resistance operon and does not contain a D-alanine:D-alanine 2 (ddl2) gene. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 50:1067-1070.
4. Boyd, D., P. Kibsey, D. Roscoe, M.R. Mulvey and the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP). 2004. Enterococcus faecium N03-0072 carries a new VanD-type vancomycin resistance; characterization of the vanD5 operon. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 54:680-683.
5. Boyd, D., T. Cabral, P. Van Caeseele, J. Wylie, and M.R. Mulvey. 2002. Molecular characterization of the vanE gene cluster in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis N00-410 isolated in Canada. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 46:1977-1979.
6. Elsayed, S., N. Hamilton, D. Boyd, and M.R. Mulvey. 2001. Improved primer design for multiplex PCR analysis of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 39:2367-2368.
7. Boyd, D.A., J. Conly, H. Dedier, G. Peters, L. Robertson, E. Slater, and M.R. Mulvey. 2000. Molecular characterization of the vanD gene cluster and a novel insertion element in a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolated in Canada. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38:2392-2394.